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目的评估对暗娼(FSW)大规模实施预防艾滋病标准化行为干预的效果,为进一步推广FSW标准化干预模式提供依据。方法采用统一的干预核心内容、干预技术,由专业人员、业主、同伴教育者开展干预,并发放宣传材料和安全套,提供自愿咨询和检测服务。同时在干预前,干预后的每一年,对FSW连续3次进行问卷调查和HIV血清学检测。结果 2008年到2010年,共调查FSW 11 957人。干预后,3年来FSW最近1次与客人性交的安全套使用率持续提高:58.6%、80.1%、89.7%(χ2=1 062.56,P<0.01);过去1个月与客人性交的安全套坚持使用率持续提高:26.1%、41.6%、60.8%(χ2=940.35,P<0.01);出现性病症状的比例持续减少:34.5%、29.9%、17.6%(χ2=303.89,P<0.01),正确求医的比例持续提高:30.1%、43.9%、48.1%(χ2=80.57,P<0.01);近1年接受HIV检测的比例持续提高:21.7%、30.6%、35.2%(χ2=182.21,P<0.01);HIV感染率保持在较低水平:0.45%、0.15%、0.68%。结论大规模实施FSW艾滋病标准化行为干预取得了较好的成效,可以向更多的地区推广。
Objective To evaluate the effect of FSW intervention on AIDS prevention and control in large-scale implementation and provide the basis for further promotion of FSW standardization intervention. Methods A unified core content of interventions and interventions were used. Professionals, landlords and peer educators intervened and disseminated promotional materials and condoms to provide voluntary counseling and testing services. At the same time, questionnaires and HIV serology were conducted on FSW three times in a row before and after intervention. Results From 2008 to 2010, a total of 11,957 FSWs were surveyed. In the past three years, the rate of condom use by FSW for the last sexual intercourse with the guests has been continuously increased: 58.6%, 80.1%, 89.7% (χ2 = 1062.56, P <0.01) after the intervention; the condom use rate consistently with the guests during the past 1 month (Χ2 = 940.35, P <0.01). The incidence of STD symptoms continued to decrease: 34.5%, 29.9%, 17.6% (χ2 = 303.89, P <0.01) (Χ2 = 80.57, P <0.01). The proportions of patients who received HIV testing in the past year continued to increase: 21.7%, 30.6%, 35.2% (χ2 = 182.21, P <0.01) ); HIV infection rates remained at low levels: 0.45%, 0.15%, 0.68%. Conclusion The implementation of FSW AIDS standardization intervention on a large scale has achieved good results and can be extended to more regions.