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春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)是美国北大平原地区的主要作物之一。灌浆期间的高温胁迫是春小麦增产的一个主要限制因素,在北大平原的南部尤为如此。开花期对8个春小麦基因型的旗叶进行了电解质渗漏或膜稳定性(MT)试验,试验结果与种植在三个不同点上的那些基因型的产量相关。这些基因型来自两个杂交组合,两个组合中的亲本对该地区或热胁迫气候既有适应的,也有不适应的。三个试验点分别代表北大平原的北、中、南部地区。根据MT值,这8个基因型可以分为耐热型(HT,n=4)和敏感型(HS,n=4),HT型和HS型在大平原的中,北部获得了相似的籽粒产量。然而在南部试验点上(与其它两个点相比,该点灌浆期气温相当高),HT型比HS型增产21％,它们的产量分别为4.28Mg/ha(兆克/公顷)和3.55Mg/ha。在北、中、南三个试验点上,七月份平均温度依次为19.5、21.7和23.4℃。从本实验的结果可以看出,MT检验是选择HT型春小麦的一个有效选择途径。
Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major crops in the North Plains of the United States. High temperature stress during grain filling is a major limiting factor for spring wheat yield, especially in the southern part of the northern Great Plains. Flowering The flag leaf of eight spring wheat genotypes was subjected to electrolyte leakage or membrane stability (MT) tests, which were related to the yield of those genotypes grown at three different points. These genotypes come from two crosses, and the parents in both combinations are both adaptive and unsuitable for this region or heat stress climate. The three pilot sites represent the northern, central and southern parts of the Great Plains respectively. According to the MT value, the eight genotypes were classified as heat tolerant (HT, n = 4) and sensitive (HS, n = 4). Similar patterns were obtained in the middle and northern parts of the Great Plains Yield. However, at the southern test site (compared to the other two sites, the temperatures were quite high at the filling stage), the yield of HT was 21% higher than that of HS and their yields were 4.28 Mg / ha and 3.55, respectively Mg / ha. In the north, central and southern three pilot sites, the average temperature in July was 19.5, 21.7 and 23.4 ℃. As can be seen from the results of this experiment, the MT test is an effective way to select HT type of spring wheat.