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目的了解2006—2015年上海市闵行区华漕镇肺结核疫情的流行病学特征,为探索肺结核预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集整理2006—2015年华漕镇肺结核疫情资料,采用流行病学描述性研究方法进行疫情的流行病学统计分析。结果2006—2015年上海市华漕镇共登记活动性肺结核病例721例,其中本地人口193人(26.77%),流动人口528人(73.23%),年平均登记率为32.99/10万,年登记率总体呈现下降趋势;男性病例多于女性病例,性别比为1.86:1,病例年龄最小6岁,最大98岁,发病高峰年龄组为18~40岁共463人(64.22%);常年散在发病,无明显季节性;病例在上海市华漕、纪王和诸翟3个地区均有分布,其中华漕地区病例数最多,不同地区肺结核病例分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=46.31,P<0.01);每年的流动人口病例所占比例呈现增加趋势,主要来自安徽、四川、江苏、河南、湖北和江西等省份。结论 2006—2015年上海市华漕镇肺结核疫情总体呈现下降趋势,流动人口是肺结核病防控的重点人群,依据地区差异特点加大防控力度,降低流动人口肺结核发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis outbreak in Huacao Town, Minhang District, Shanghai from 2006 to 2015 and to provide a scientific basis for exploring prevention and control measures for tuberculosis. Methods Epidemiological data of tuberculosis outbreak in Huacao town from 2006 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by epidemiological descriptive method. Results A total of 721 active tuberculosis cases were registered in Huacao Town, Shanghai Municipality from 2006 to 2015, of which 193 were local residents (26.77%) and 528 were floating population (73.23%) with an average annual registration rate of 32.99 / 100,000. The annual registration The incidence of male patients was significantly lower than that of female ones (sex ratio 1.86: 1, case minimum 6 years old, maximum 98 years old, peak incidence age 463 (64.22%)) , No obvious seasonal; the cases were distributed in Huacao, Jiwang and Zhuzhai in Shanghai, with the largest number of cases in Huacao area, the distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in different areas was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 46.31, P <0.01). The proportion of migrant cases in each year showed an increasing trend, mainly from Anhui, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Henan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces. Conclusion The epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Huacao Town of Shanghai Municipality shows a decreasing trend overall from 2006 to 2015. The floating population is the key population in the prevention and control of tuberculosis. The intensity of prevention and control should be increased according to the regional differences to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis among floating population.