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众所周知,心脑血管疾病是威胁人类生命和健康的杀手。根据最近的抽样调查和流行病资料统计,全国有高血压患者8500万左右;已有脑卒患者500万-600万,每年新发生的人数约有180万-200万,死亡100万-200万;因冠心病发生的心肌梗死,每年约有35万-40万,死亡15万-20万。这些病都与血脂代谢紊乱、动脉粥样硬化密切相关。随着我国经济建设的发展,人民生活的改善和饮食习惯、饮食结构及生活方式的改变,与高脂血症、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化有关的心脑血管疾病发病率有较明显的增长。所谓“高脂血症”主要是指高胆固醇血症或高甘油三酯血症。人体胆固醇的来源分为两类:内源性和外源性。外源性胆固醇来自含胆固醇的食物,占胆固醇总量的1/4。内源性胆固醇是有机体自身合成,占胆固醇总量的3/4。正常人每天可合成1克胆固醇。除脑组织和红细胞外,几乎全身各组织均可合成胆固醇。肝脏是合成胆固醇的主要场所,体内胆固醇700%-80%有肝脏合成。正常人从食物中摄取少量胆固醇,每天
It is well-known that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are killers that threaten human life and health. According to the latest sample survey and epidemic data statistics, the country has about 85 million patients with hypertension; stroke has 5 million -6 million, the annual number of new occurrences of about 1.8 million -200 million, the death of 100 million -200 million ; Due to coronary heart disease myocardial infarction, each year about 350,000 -40 million, 150,000 -20 million deaths. These diseases are closely related to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. With the economic development in our country, the improvement of people’s life and changes in diet, diet and lifestyle, there is a clear increase in the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity and atherosclerosis. The so-called “hyperlipidemia ” mainly refers to hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia. The sources of human cholesterol fall into two categories: endogenous and exogenous. Exogenous cholesterol from cholesterol-containing foods, accounting for 1/4 of the total cholesterol. Endogenous cholesterol is the body’s own synthesis, accounting for 3/4 of the total cholesterol. Normal people can synthesize 1 gram of cholesterol a day. In addition to brain tissue and red blood cells, almost all body tissues can synthesize cholesterol. Liver is the main place for the synthesis of cholesterol, cholesterol in the body 700% -80% of the liver synthesis. Normal people take a small amount of cholesterol from food daily