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目的探讨小儿急性中毒的类型原因和急救办法,总结小儿急性中毒的临床救治体会。方法选取2013年9月-2015年9月我院收治的74例儿童急性中毒患者的临床资料行回顾性分析,统计患儿急性中毒的原因并总结患儿的临床救治体会。结果本次调查儿童急性中毒原因中,药物中毒26例占35.14%、农药中毒19例占25.68%、食物中毒15例占20.27%、煤气中毒6例占8.11%、酒精中毒5例占6.75%、家用杀虫剂中毒3例占4.05%。74例患儿通过积极有效的抢救后,其中治愈55例占74.32%,好转14例占18.92%,无效5例占6.76%。结论急性中毒患儿主要为药物中毒,对儿童及其家属毒物以及毒物管理加强宣传普及可以有效降低儿童急性中毒事件的发生;急性中毒的预防和急救是小儿科急诊抢救的关键,因此也需要医务人员对中毒的表现、毒物的毒理、解毒剂的应用都有全面的掌握,从而提高患儿中毒的诊治率。
Objective To explore the causes of acute poisoning in children and emergency measures to sum up the clinical treatment of acute poisoning in children. Methods The clinical data of 74 children with acute poisoning admitted to our hospital from September 2013 to September 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of acute poisoning in children and the clinical treatment of children were summarized. Results Among the causes of acute poisoning in children, there were 26 cases of drug poisoning accounting for 35.14%, 19 cases of pesticide poisoning accounting for 25.68%, 15 cases of food poisoning accounting for 20.27%, 6 gas poisoning accounting for 8.11%, alcohol poisoning accounting for 6.75% 3 cases of household insecticide poisoning accounted for 4.05%. Of the 74 patients who received active and effective rescue, 55 were cured, 74.32% were cured, 14 were improved, 18.92% were inactive, and 5 were 6.76% ineffective. Conclusions Acute poisoning in children is mainly caused by drug poisoning. The publicity and popularization of poisoning and poison management of children and their families can effectively reduce the incidence of acute poisoning in children. The prevention and first aid of acute poisoning is the key to emergency pediatric emergency treatment and therefore requires medical staff The performance of poisoning, poison toxicology, antidote application have a comprehensive grasp, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of children with poisoning.