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美国圣地亚实验室的主要研究项目是研制非常规的新式钻头,近几年集中力量设计四种新钻头:1.火花钻头——高压震击;2.发射弹丸的三牙轮钻头;3.可在孔底交换的牙轮钻头;4.链条钻头。这四种钻头能提高钻进效率,降低成本。美国能源研究发展署拨出五十万美元的预算来支持这个科研项目。1.火花钻头——高压震击由地面上通用的电动机经电缆驱动孔底脉冲发生器,从钻头面上的电极放电器,沿钻头周围释放高电压火花,在钻头与孔底接触时切削岩石。到目前为止,只能使用低能型的火花。经测量,100～200焦耳(1.5～3.0马力)的火花能量的震击压力为2000～10000大气压。
San Diego, the main research project in the United States is the development of unconventional new drill bit, in recent years focused on the design of four new drill bits: 1. Spark drill - high pressure shocks; The roller bit that can be exchanged at the bottom of the hole; 4. Chain drill. These four kinds of drill bit can improve drilling efficiency, reduce costs. The U.S. Agency for Energy Research and Development has allocated a budget of half a million U.S. dollars to support this research project. 1. Spark drill - high-pressure shock by the ground on the motor-driven cable bottom hole pulse generator, from the drill face of the electrode arrester, release high-voltage spark around the drill bit, drill in contact with the bottom of the hole cut rock . So far, only low-energy sparks can be used. It has been measured that the shock pressure of 100-200 Joules (1.5-3.0 hp) spark energy is 2000-10000 atmospheres.