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四、历史与现实的经验凝聚:村民自治政策势在必行村民自治,作为农村政治建设的基本政策,既不是“超前”而与社会主义初级阶段实际不符,更不是乌托邦武的幻想;相反,村民自治既是植根于中国历史肥沃土壤的繁茂大树,又为现实的农村政治稳定和健康发展所必需。中国历代由于以农立国,农村处于自然经济时代,所以那时官少政简,农村基本上实行一种与宗法关系密切相依的社会自治关系。农民以家庭为本位,其调节能力极强。在许多王朝,国家行政机关只建立在县一级,农村主要靠宗法伦理关系进行调节。这种农村自治,带有家庭自治、宗法自治、乡绅自治的色
IV. Historical and Reality Experience Cohesion: Villagers ’Autonomy Policy Is Imperative Villagers’ self-governance as a basic policy in rural political construction is neither “advanced” nor in line with the actual stage of socialism, nor is it a fantasy of utopian superiority. On the contrary, Villager autonomy is both a flourishing tree rooted in the fertile soil of China’s history and necessary for the political stability and healthy development of the realistic rural areas. In ancient China, due to the policy of establishing a country by agriculture and the rural economy being in a natural economy, the governors and government leaders at that time reduced the social autonomy of the rural areas, which is closely related to the patriarchal clan. Farmers are family-based and their adjustment ability is very strong. In many dynasties, the state administration was established only at the county level, and the rural areas were mainly regulated by the patriarchal ethics. This kind of rural autonomy has the features of family autonomy, patriarchal autonomy and squire autonomy