论文部分内容阅读
INTRODUCTIONrnImmune homeostasis is essential for successful bone regeneration driven by biomaterial scaffolds.1 Host-biomaterial reactions were previously associated with rejection; to date, innate immune effector cells, most notably macrophages, have been identified as important mediators and instructors during scaffold remodeling and tissue regeneration.2–4 Immunoengineering via the develop-ment of 'immune-interactive' smart biomaterials has emerged as an effective strategy to improve bone regenerative outcomes. This strategy utilizes biomaterial physicochemical modifications, including surface topography and chemistry, inorganic compo-nents and biomimetic bone architecture, to offer an appropriate microenvironment for immune responses, host cell recruitment and differentiation.