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目的:了解2010-2015年钦州市钦南区手足口病流行病学特征,为手足口病防控工作提供依据。方法:采用描述流行病学方法,对钦南区2010-2015年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果:钦南区6年累计报告手足口病9 087例,年均发病率为286.49/10万;其中,重症病例148例,死亡1例。该区手足口病发病存在不同的高峰期,双年份发病主要在4-10月份,而单年份以5-7月或8-11月份发病较多,具有明显的季节性。发病年龄以小年龄段儿童为主,其中以≤4岁散居儿童居多,占总发病数的86.34%。城区、城郊发病率高于农村,占总发病例数的63.98%。结论:钦南区手足口病疫情呈逐年下降趋势,发病数呈“大年小年”现象,好发年龄为≤4岁散居儿童,城区、城郊发病率远高于农村地区,应针对性地对重点地区、重点人群、重点时段开展手足口病监测及防控工作。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Qinan District of Qinzhou City from 2010 to 2015, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD in Chinan District from 2010 to 2015. Results: A total of 9 087 HFMD cases were reported in Qinan District in 6 years, with an average annual incidence of 286.49 / 100 000, of which 148 were critically ill and 1 died. The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in this area have different peak periods. The incidence in the two-year period is mainly in April-October, while the single-year incidence in May-July or August-November is more, with obvious seasonal. The age of onset was dominated by children in a small age group, of which children were mostly living in the area ≤ 4 years of age, accounting for 86.34% of the total. The incidence of urban area and suburban areas was higher than that of rural areas, accounting for 63.98% of the total cases. Conclusion: The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qinan district is decreasing year by year with the number of incidence being “Big Year Baby”, and the incidence of scattered children is ≤4 years old. The incidence of urban and suburban areas is much higher than that in rural areas. Sexually speaking, monitoring, prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease should be carried out in key areas, key populations and key time zones.