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目的了解福建省农村供水卫生状况,为制定改水政策和选择水源提供依据。方法用分层随机抽样法选取福建省40个监测县和1 654个饮水安全工程作为监测点,设计统一的调查表收集资料并统计分析和评价。结果福建省农村大部分人口以集中式供水为主(71.2%),水源类型主要为地面水库水(32.3%)和溪水(29.7%),水质处理方式主要是沉淀过滤(67.6%),水厂水质消毒方式主要是漂白粉消毒(61.9%);分散式供水水源类型以地下浅井水为主(41.7%),取水方式主要为机器取水(52.7%)。结论福建省农村饮用水卫生状况不容乐观,迫切需要加强水源保护,农村水厂应该完善水质处理流程,改进净水工艺,提高消毒水平。
Objective To understand the status of water supply and sanitation in rural areas of Fujian Province and provide basis for formulating water diversion policies and selecting water sources. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to select 40 monitoring counties in Fujian Province and 1 654 drinking water safety projects as monitoring points. A unified questionnaire was designed to collect data and make statistical analysis and evaluation. Results The majority of rural population in Fujian Province mainly concentrated water supply (71.2%). The main types of water sources were surface reservoir water (32.3%) and stream water (29.7%). The main water treatment methods were sedimentation filtration (67.6%), Disinfection of water quality is mainly bleaching powder disinfection (61.9%). The main types of distributed water supply are shallow underground water (41.7%) and water withdrawal (52.7%). Conclusion The sanitary status of drinking water in rural areas of Fujian Province is not optimistic, so it is urgent to strengthen the protection of water sources. Rural waterworks should improve the water quality treatment process, improve the water purification technology and improve the disinfection level.