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日语中有很多词和中文的字形相同,即同形词,所以中国学生对日语中的汉语感到十分亲切。但是,字形虽然一样,作为日语和中文的意思却不一定是相同的。若仅依据中文意思来做判断,很容易造成误用。为了更好地指导学生习得日语中的汉语,并使教师们能更有针对性地组织教学,我们有必要对同形词进行对比研究。而同形异义词作为其中一个难点又更应引起我们的重视。本文运用日语能力测试1级词汇表中的同形异义词,根据其意思范围的不同分为四类,并就这四类同形异义词对国内各高校日语专业四年级的在校大学生进行了测验调查。进而对这四类同形异义词和学习难易度的相关关系进行了分析和考察。
There are many words in Japanese that are the same as the Chinese glyphs, that is, homographs, so Chinese students are very gratified with the Chinese in Japanese. However, although the glyphs are the same, the meanings of Japanese and Chinese are not necessarily the same. If only based on the Chinese meaning to judge, it is easy to cause misuse. In order to better guide students to acquire Chinese in Japanese and to enable teachers to organize teaching in a more targeted manner, it is necessary for us to conduct a comparative study of homographs. Homophony as one of the difficulties and more should cause our attention. This paper uses the Japanese proficiency test level 1 vocabulary homographs, according to the different scope of their meaning is divided into four categories, and these four types of homonyms for Japanese college students in the fourth grade Quiz survey. Furthermore, the relationship between these four types of homographs and learning difficulty is analyzed and investigated.