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目的了解昆山地区儿童呼吸道病原体感染的流行特点及其分布情况。方法采用间接免疫荧光法对该院2015年10月1日-2016年9月30日1 894例因呼吸道病原体感染入院患儿的血清标本,进行嗜肺军团菌(LP)、肺炎支原体(MP)、Q热立克次氏体(COX)、肺炎衣原体(CPn)、腺病毒(ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IFA)、乙型流感病毒(IFB)、副流感病毒1型、2型和3型(PIV)检测,了解患儿呼吸道病原体感染的分布情况。结果1 894份标本中,共检出病原体阳性1 086例,主要为MP(720例)、IFB(104例)、PIV(450例),检出混合感染阳性标本232例,主要是MP混合IFB感染(61例)、MP混合PIV感染(81例);1岁~3岁患儿平均阳性率最高,以MP和PIV阳性率最高;MP检出的阳性率在冬季(11月、12月、1月)最高。临床诊断主要以支气管肺炎(953例)、发热(442例)为主。结论昆山地区儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原体为MP、PIV和IFB,其发病率与季节、年龄相关。
Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of respiratory tract pathogens in children in Kunshan. Methods The serum samples from 1 894 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection were collected from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2016 in our hospital from January 1, 2015 to September 30, 2016 by using indirect immunofluorescence method. Legionella pneumophila (LP), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) , Q hot rickets (COX), CPn, ADV, RSV, IFA, IFB, parainfluenza Virus type 1, type 2 and type 3 (PIV) tests to understand the distribution of respiratory tract infections in children. Results A total of 1 086 pathogens positive were detected in 1 894 specimens, including MP (720), IFB (104) and PIV (450). 232 positive samples of mixed infection were detected, mainly MP mixed IFB (61 cases) and MP mixed PIV infection (81 cases). The average positive rates of MP and PIV in children aged 1 to 3 years were the highest, and the positive rates of MP and PIV were highest. The positive rate of MP in winter was in November, December, January) highest. The main clinical diagnosis of bronchial pneumonia (953 cases), fever (442 cases). Conclusion The main pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children in Kunshan are MP, PIV and IFB. The incidence is related to the season and age.