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MicroRNA(miRNA)是一种内源性的非编码单链RNA,通过与mRNA的3’端非翻译区(UTR)的不完全互补或完全互补结合抑制靶mRNA的翻译或促使靶mRNA的降解来调控基因的表达,参与细胞的增殖、凋亡、分化和代谢等重要过程。MiRNA表达的变化可以起到癌基因和抑癌基因的作用,是一种潜在的肿瘤标志物,因此,miRNA的检测技术引起了人们的关注。由于电化学检测方法具有灵敏、快速、低成本和低能耗等特点,研究者广泛开展了应用电化学技术来发展miRNA检测的研究。本文将对基于电化学技术的miRNA检测方法进行综述。
MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNA that inhibits the translation of a target mRNA or promotes its degradation by incomplete or complete complementarity to the 3 ’untranslated region (UTR) Regulation of gene expression, involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and metabolism and other important processes. MiRNA expression changes can play the role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, is a potential tumor marker, therefore, miRNA detection technology has drawn people’s attention. Due to its sensitivity, rapidity, low cost and low energy consumption, electrochemical detection methods have been widely used to develop miRNA detection using electrochemical techniques. This article reviews electrochemical detection of miRNAs.