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进入21世纪,气候变化问题已经成为最热门的话题之一。随着《京都议定书》的生效,京都“三机制”开始进入实践操作层面,与之伴随而生的法律问题便是如何认识、规范温室气体排放权及其交易。排放温室气体是不是一项权利?如果是,是什么类型的权利?权利主体、客体、权能如何?由于温室气体排放行为属于环境容量利用行为的一种具体表现形式,因此对于上述问题的回答应当建立在对环境容量利用权进行分析的基础上。本文试图对环境容量利用权的基本理论问题进行分析,进而为分析温室气体排放权问题提供一种可能的理论框架。
In the 21st century, the issue of climate change has become one of the hottest topics. With the entry into force of the “Kyoto Protocol”, the “three mechanisms” of Kyoto has begun to enter the practical operation level. The legal issues that accompany it are how to recognize and regulate the greenhouse gas emission rights and their transactions. Is it a right to emit greenhouse gases? If yes, what is the type of rights? What is the subject, object, power of greenhouse gases? Since the behavior of greenhouse gases is a concrete manifestation of environmental capacity utilization, the answer to the above questions should be Based on the analysis of environmental capacity utilization. This article attempts to analyze the basic theoretical issues of environmental capacity utilization, and then provide a possible theoretical framework for analyzing the issue of greenhouse gas emission rights.