Carbonic anhydrases in normal gastrointestinal tract and gastrointestinal tumours

• 作 者: Antti J. Kivel(a) Jyrki Kivel(a) Juha Saarnio Seppo Parkkila
• 机 构: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland“,”Institute of Medical Technolog
• 出 处: 世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）
• 发表日期: 2005年2期
• 关键词: Gastrointestinal tract Gastrointestinal tumour Carbonic anhydrases

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyse the hydration of CO2to bicarbonate at physiological pH. This chemical interconversion is crucial since HCO3- is the substrate for several biosynthetic reactions. This review is focused on the distribution and role of CA isoenzymes in both normal and pathological gastrointestinal (GI) tract tissues. It has been known for many years that CAs are widely present in the GI tract and play important roles in several physiological functions such as production of saliva, gastric acid, bile, and pancreatic juice as well as in absorption of salt and water in intestine. New information suggests that these enzymes participate in several processes that were not envisioned earlier. Especially, the recent reports on plasma membranebound isoenzymes Ⅸ and Ⅻ have raised considerable interest since they were reported to participate in cancer invasion and spread. They are induced by tumour hypoxia and may also play a role in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-mediated carcinogenesis.