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【目的】研究新疆主栽春小麦品种新春31号在不同成熟度贮藏过程中种子活力的变化。【方法】在100%相对湿度和45℃条件下,将花后15、25和35 d收获的种子分别进行人工加速老化0、2、4、6、8 d处理,并进行恒温发芽试验。发芽前测量3种成熟度种子的长度、宽度、厚度和千粒重等物理指标,发芽过程中测量发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、苗长、根长、幼苗鲜重和干重等种子活力指标,分析不同成熟度、不同老化时间对春小麦幼苗生长和种子活力的影响。【结果】在不同成熟度下籽粒长度差异显著、千粒重和籽粒含水量差异极显著;同一成熟度下,随着老化时间的延长,种子的各相关活力指标均表现为先平缓减小后急剧降低的趋势,拐点出现在老化4 d,处理间均达到差异显著水平;同时上述活力指标在成熟度间差异均达到极显著水平,表现为花后35 d>25 d>15 d;利用逐步回归方法建立的生长指标和种子活力的方程拟合优度较高,R2达0.989以上。【结论】人工老化可模拟自然状态下种子贮藏过程中的变化规律,成熟度和老化时间均影响种子活力的大小,种子发芽后幼苗的干重或鲜重可作为检验种子活力大小的重要指标。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the changes of seed vigor of Xinjiang spring wheat variety Xinchun No.31 stored at different maturity. 【Method】 The seeds harvested at 15, 25 and 35 days after anthesis were subjected to artificial accelerated aging for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days at 100% relative humidity and 45 ℃, respectively. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index, seedling length, root length, seedling fresh weight and dry weight were measured during the germination process by measuring the seed length, width, thickness and 1000- Vitality index, analysis of different maturity, different aging time on spring wheat seedling growth and seed vigor. 【Result】 The results showed that there was significant difference in grain length at different maturity, with significant difference between 1000-grain weight and grain water content. Under the same maturity, with the aging time prolonging, all the related indicators of seed vigor showed a sharp decrease The inflection point appeared at 4 days of aging, and reached significant differences among the treatments. At the same time, the above vitality indices reached extremely significant differences in maturity, which showed 35 d> 25 d> 15 d after flowering. Using stepwise regression The establishment of the growth index and seed vigor equation goodness of fit, R2 up to 0.989 or more. 【Conclusion】 Artificial aging can simulate the changes of seed storage under natural conditions. Both maturity and aging time affect the seed vigor. The dry weight or fresh weight of seedlings after seed germination can be used as an important index to test the seed vigor.