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第二章 粒子轨迹 本章主要讨论荷电粒子在电磁场中运动的轨迹。在电子束器件中应用最广泛的场是轴对称场。其次,近年来四级场以及多极场的应用逐渐增多。因此,我们的注意力将放在轴对称场上。同时对四极场对及我极场也给予必要的讨论。 荷电粒子这个词的含义是广泛的。在电子束器件中,可以讲毫无例外的都是利用电子构成的束。为此今后我们不再使用荷电粒子这个词,而且电子代替。迂有特殊情况,我们将说明是何种粒子。 电斗在轴对称场中的运动轨迹,在电子光学中已有详细的论述。我们这里仅从矩阵代数的角度重新加以讨论,以使和束流传输衔接起来。
Chapter 2 Particle Trajectory This chapter focuses on the trajectories of charged particles moving in the electromagnetic field. The most widely used field in electron beam devices is the axisymmetric field. Second, in recent years, the application of four-stage field and multi-pole field gradually increases. So, our attention will be on the axisymmetric field. At the same time on the quadrupole field and I extreme field also give the necessary discussion. The meaning of the term charged particle is broad. In the electron beam device, it can be said that no exception is the use of electron beam. For the future, we no longer use the word charged particles, and electronic replacement. There are special cases, we will explain what kind of particles. The trajectory of a bucket in an axisymmetric field has been discussed in detail in electro-optics. We are here to re-discuss only from the perspective of matrix algebra in order to make convergence and beam convergence.