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目的：探讨胆脂瘤型中耳炎发病情况的变化及治疗方法。方法：对胆脂瘤型中耳炎８７４例进行回顾性分析，其中男５７２例，女３０２例，双侧１６例，合并各种颅内外并发症２１７例。结果：患者均经手术治疗，随访４个月至２５年，一期治愈８３９例，干耳时间３至９周；胆脂瘤复发、再次手术５例，术腔感染行二次手术２５例；死亡５例，均死于耳源性颅内并发症。无手术死亡 病例。结论：本病发病率呈逐年下降趋势，尤其是大胆脂瘤及各种并发症的发病率及死亡率明显下降；乳突手术和鼓室成形术仍为本病有效的治疗手段，保存听力及重建听力的手术无法取代以清除病灶为目的的传统乳突根治术和改良乳突根治术。
Objective: To explore the change of cholesteatoma otitis media and its treatment. Methods: 874 cases of cholesteatoma otitis media were retrospectively analyzed, including 572 males and 302 females, bilateral in 16 cases, combined with various intracranial complications in 217 cases. Results: The patients were followed up for 4 months to 25 years. The first period was cured with 839 cases and the dry ear duration was 3 to 9 weeks. The recurrence of cholesteatoma, reoperation in 5 cases, 5 died, all died of otogenic intracranial complications. No surgical deaths. Conclusion: The morbidity of this disease is declining year by year, especially the incidence and death rate of all kinds of complications are significantly decreased. Mastoid operation and tympanoplasty are still the effective treatment measures for this disease, and the preservation of hearing and reconstruction Hearing surgery can not replace conventional mastoidectomy and modified mastoidectomy for the purpose of clearing lesions.