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对青岛市城乡居民连续5年的膳食状况进行分析。结果表明,农村是以粮食为主的“主食型”膳食,表现为低脂高碳水化物型的特点,蛋白质摄入量少而质量差;相对农村而言,城市则为“副食型”膳食,表现为高脂低碳水化物型的特点,蛋白质摄入量足而质量优。某些无机盐和微量元素(钙、锌)及维生素(核黄素、视黄醇)的摄入,城乡均明显缺乏或处于低水平。提示青岛市城乡居民食物结构调整的重点是:城市应以调整肉类消费为主,以低脂的禽肉代替多脂的猪肉,控制脂肪摄入;农村则引导由“主食型”向“副食型”膳食结构的转变。
Analysis of the dietary status of urban and rural residents in Qingdao for five consecutive years. The results showed that the rural areas are food-based “staple foods”, which are characterized by low fat and high carbohydrate content and low protein intake and poor quality. Compared with rural areas, the cities are “non-staple foods” The performance of high-fat and low carbohydrate-type characteristics, adequate protein intake and excellent quality. Some inorganic salts and trace elements (calcium, zinc) and vitamins (riboflavin, retinol) intake, urban and rural areas were significantly lacking or at low levels. Prompt urban and rural residents in Qingdao City, the focus of structural adjustment of food is: the city should be to adjust the meat consumption-based, low-fat poultry meat instead of multi-fat pork, control fat intake; rural guide from the “staple food” to “non-staple food Type ”dietary changes in the structure.