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Guided by the federal highway administration (FHWA), many states are promoting the implementation of transportation systems management and operations (TSM&O) programs. TSM&O is traditionally managed by traffic engineers that focus on optimizing efficiency and operations within a particular corridor utilizing common techniques such as re-timings and access modifications. With the emphasis moving towards maximizing current infrastructure, the practice of managing TSM&O can be applied to all units and disciplines, within a transportation entity, for increased efficiency. One main reason of the stagnated integration is the lack of policies which could support the integration of TSM&O strategies within the planning or design stages. This paper provides detailed guidance on how to apply TSM&O strategies from the planning stages to the construction phase of any general transportation project. TSM&O programs established around the nation are discussed to understand the current initiatives underway and the best practices to create a robust and performance-based program. The developed TSM&O project cycle process provides a detailed structure for the potential interactions between phases of a project and department staff as a key to ensure that the program achieves the highest level of optimization. Continuous evaluation must be undertaken by the agencies to ensure that the performance of the system is at an optimal level. Developing performance measures, which accurately describe the objectives of the agency, is critical to ensure the plan to be brought to practice.