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目的研究哈尔滨市中小学教师寿命情况及主要死亡原因。方法以1990年1月1日零时～1994年12月31日24时哈尔滨市中小学教师为研究对象，以当地同期同龄居民作为对照，采用WHO推荐的蒋庆琅法，计算中小学教师及对照居民的全死因和去死因截缩简略寿命表。结果在15岁时的预期寿命：男性教师为57．24岁，男性居民为57．40岁，女性教师为60．84岁，女性居民为61．07岁；40岁以后各年龄段，男、女教师的预期寿命均分别低于男、女对照居民；去除恶性肿瘤死因后，40岁时预期寿命延长：男性教师为3．37岁，较男性居民的2．91岁高0．46岁，女性教师为3．58岁，较女性居民的2．12岁高1．46岁。结论中小学教师的健康水平低于一般人群，对中小学教师危害最大的疾病是恶性肿瘤。
Objective To study the life expectancy of primary and secondary school teachers in Harbin and the main causes of death. Methods From January 0, 1990 on January 31, 1990 to December 31, 1994 at Harbin, primary and secondary school teachers were the subjects of the study. The residents of the same age in the same period in the same period were used as controls. The method recommended by WHO was used to calculate the primary and secondary school teachers and the control residents. The full cause of death and death was due to the shortened life table. Results Life expectancy at the age of 15: male teacher 57.24 years old, male residents 57.40 years old, female teachers 60.84 years old, female residents 61.07 years old; after age 40 years old, male, The life expectancy of female teachers was lower than that of male and female control residents respectively; after eliminating the cause of death from malignant tumors, the life expectancy at age 40 was prolonged: male teachers were 3.37 years old, which was 0.46 years higher than male residents’ 2.91 years old. The female teacher is 3.58 years old, which is 1.46 years older than 2.12 years old. Conclusion The health level of teachers in primary and secondary schools is lower than that of the general population. The most harmful disease to primary and secondary school teachers is malignancy.