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目的:测定巴豆油的化学成分及含量。方法:巴豆种仁的石油醚提取物经甲酯化或乙醚稀释后,利用气相色谱-质谱法分离巴豆油的化学成分,用面积归一化法处理所得各组分的百分含量。结果:鉴定出17种脂肪酸成分,在酯化后样品中亚油酸、油酸和二十碳一烯酸共占77.33%,为主要组成成分。此外,在乙醚稀释后样品中鉴定出异龙脑、葑醇等5种芳香类化合物。但具致癌及抗艾滋病等作用的佛波醇双酯化合物并未分离获得。结论:中国产巴豆油富含亚油酸、油酸和二十碳一烯酸,但具致癌及抗艾滋病等作用的药效成分含量甚少,采用普通分离提取方法难以获得。
Objective: To determine the chemical composition and content of croton oil. Methods: The chemical constituents of croton oil were isolated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after the petroleum ether extracts of croton seed kernels were methylated or diluted with ethyl ether. The percentages of each component were determined by area normalization. Results: Seventeen kinds of fatty acids were identified. In the sample after esterification, linoleic acid, oleic acid and eicosanoic acid accounted for 77.33%, which were the main components. In addition, 5 aromatic compounds such as isoborneol and stilbene were identified in the sample diluted with diethyl ether. However, with the role of carcinogenic and anti-AIDS phorbol diester compounds have not been isolated. CONCLUSION: Chinese-made croton oil is rich in linoleic acid, oleic acid and icosanoic acid. However, its active ingredients such as carcinogenesis and anti-AIDS are very few and hard to obtain by ordinary separation and extraction methods.