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目的:了解物质相关障碍与其他精神障碍患者经血液传播疾病感染流行现状, 并进行对比分析, 为临床医务人员进行针对性血液传播疾病的预防控制提供参考.方法:回顾性分析四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心精神科2015年1月-2017年1月1140例住院精神障碍患者的输血前全套检测结果, 按疾病分组统计梅毒螺旋体抗体 (抗-TP) 、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体 (抗-HIV) 、丙型肝炎病毒抗体 (抗-HCV) 、乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBs Ag) 的比率, 比较上述指标在物质相关障碍与其他精神障碍患者之间的差异.结果:1140例患者中物质相关障碍患者456例、其他精神障碍患者684例, 共检测出HBs Ag阳性76例, TP阳性46例, 抗-HCV阳性16例, 抗-HIV阳性8例, 阳性率分别为6.7％、4％、1.4％、0.7％.分组比较显示物质相关障碍与其他精神障碍患者乙肝、梅毒感染率较高;物质相关障碍患者中TP、HCV感染率及相对危险度明显高于其他精神障碍患者, 且差异具有统计学意义 (P＜0.05) .结论:精神科医务人员应做好经血液传播性疾病的职业防护, 特别是对于物质相关障碍这一类患者, 应引起高度的重视, 加强职业安全教育培训, 增强防护意识, 规范操作流程, 从而有效降低职业暴露的发生, 防止传染性疾病的传播及蔓延.“,”Objective: To investigate the prevalence of blood-transmitted infections in patients with substance related disorders and other mental disorders, making comparative analysis and providing reference of prevention of blood-transmitted infections for clinical health care staffs.Methods: Retrospective analysis of blood examination indexes of 1140 inpatients with mental disorders from January 2015 to January 2017 in our department. The positive prevalence of Treponema pallidum antibody (anti-TP), human immunodeficiency virus antibody (anti-HIV), hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) were compared between the patients with substance related disorders and other mental disorders.Results: Among the 1140 patients, there were 456 patients with substance related disorders and 684 patients with other mental disorders. A total of 76 patients were found HBs Ag positive, 46 were TP positive, 16 were anti-HCV positive, and 8 patients were anti-HIV positive. The positive rates were 6. 7％, 4％, 1. 4％ and0. 7％ respectively. The among-group comparison showed that the prevalence of hepatitis B and syphilis was higher than other infections in the patients with substance related disorder and other mental disorders, and the infection rate and relative risk of TP and HCV in the patients with substance related disorders were significantly higher (P ＜ 0. 05) than those in other mental disorders.Conclusion: The health care staffs in psychiatric department should do well in occupational protection of blood-transmitted infections, especially working with substance abuse patients, and strengthen occupational safety education and training, and enhance their awareness of protection. Standardize operational procedures to effectively reduce occupational exposure and prevent the dissemination and spread of infectious diseases.