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目的分析河源市艾滋病病毒感染状况及流行形势,以采取有效的干预措施,预防和控制艾滋病的传播和蔓延。方法对河源市1995年以来的艾滋病常规监测、哨点监测、艾滋病疫情报告和流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果河源市自1995年发现首例艾滋病病毒感染者以来,截至2010年5月31日,按现住址统计,累计报告HIV感染者及艾滋病人294例。病例分布为:男性218例,女性76例,男女比例为2.87:1;感染者以青壮年(20～40岁)为主,占总病例数的81.29%,其中年龄最大的为92岁,最小的4月龄;职业以农民和无业为主,各占总病例数的17.35%和22.79%;传播途径以静脉注射毒品为主,占36.39%,其次为性传播(35.35%)。结论目前,河源市处于艾滋病低流行与局部特定人群集中流行并存的局面,由于高危人群(静脉注射吸毒及暗娼)基数大,传染源的不断累积和高危行为的泛滥,是艾滋病流行和蔓延的关键时期。应加大监测力度,采取有效干预措施,以控制艾滋病由高危人群向一般人群扩散的势头。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and prevalence of HIV in Heyuan City in order to take effective interventions to prevent and control the spread and spread of AIDS. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on routine HIV / AIDS surveillance, sentinel surveillance, AIDS epidemic reporting and epidemiological survey data since 1995 in Heyuan City. Results Heyuan City since 1995 found the first case of HIV infection, as of May 31, 2010, according to the current address statistics, cumulative reports of HIV-infected and AIDS patients 294 cases. The distribution of cases was 218 males and 76 females, the ratio of males to females was 2.87: 1. The main infection was young adults (20-40 years old), accounting for 81.29% of the total cases, of which the oldest was 92 years old, the smallest Of the total number of cases, accounting for 17.35% and 22.79% of the total number of cases respectively. The main route of transmission was intravenous drug use, accounting for 36.39%, followed by sexual transmission (35.35%). Conclusions At present, Heyuan City is under the coexistence of low AIDS prevalence and local population-specific epidemic. Since the base of high-risk population (intravenous drug abuse and sex workers) is large, the accumulation of infectious sources and the spread of high-risk behaviors are the key to AIDS pandemic and spread period. Monitoring efforts should be stepped up and effective interventions should be taken to control the momentum of AIDS spread from the high-risk groups to the general population.