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目的分析宝鸡市农村居民高血压、糖尿病综合干预效果,为完善有关政策提供依据。方法在宝鸡市陇县选择人口特征相近的两个行政村,随机分为干预组和对照组,对干预组15岁以上居民开展高血压、糖尿病防治知识健康教育、健康生活行为方式及患者健康管理等综合干预。采用t检验、χ~2检验、倾向性评分匹配法和倍差法等方法分析有关数据。结果经过3次、1年的综合干预,经倾向评分法匹配后用倍差法分析干预效果净效益,综合干预措施使农村居民高血压、糖尿病知识得分分别提高了4.15分和5.54分,农村居民吸烟、饮酒和高盐高脂饮食危害健康知识得分提高了2.73分、5.54分和2.65分(P<0.05)。结论高血压、糖尿病综合干预可有效提高农村居民健康知识水平,在控制脂肪和食盐摄入方面作用明显,但在改变居民患病水平和膳食结构方面短期内效果不明显。
Objective To analyze the effect of comprehensive intervention on hypertension and diabetes in rural residents in Baoji City, and provide the basis for improving the relevant policies. Methods Two administrative villages with similar population characteristics were selected in Longxian County, Baoji City. The intervention groups were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention groups were over 15 years old residents to carry out knowledge and health education on hypertension and diabetes prevention and control, healthy lifestyle behaviors and patient health management Comprehensive interventions. The t-test, χ ~ 2 test, propensity score matching method and double-difference method were used to analyze the data. Results After three times and one year of comprehensive intervention, the net benefit of intervention effect was analyzed by the propensity score method, and the comprehensive intervention measures improved the rural residents’ hypertension and diabetes knowledge scores by 4.15 and 5.54 points, respectively. Rural residents Smoking, alcohol consumption and high-salt, high-fat diet increased the health knowledge scores by 2.73 points, 5.54 points and 2.65 points (P <0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive intervention of hypertension and diabetes can effectively improve the health knowledge level of rural residents and has a significant effect in controlling fat and salt intake, but the effect is not obvious in short term in changing residents’ prevalence and dietary structure.