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【摘要】 目的:探讨自发性脑叶出血的手术治疗方法和策略,评估救治效果。方法:回顾总结60例脑叶出血手术患者,采用个体化手术方法的治疗经验,其中钻孔引流术19例,开颅手术41例。术前脑血管影像检查36例,手术时机3~6 h、6~12 h和>12 h的患者分别为19、23、18例。结果:
【关键词】 脑叶出血; 钻孔引流; 开颅手术; 手术时机
The Surgical Methods and Strategies on Spontaneous Brain Hemorrhage/YU Yong-qiang,LONG Qing-shan,LIANG Quan,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(16):011-015
【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the surgical methods and strategies on spontaneous brain hemorrhage. Method: According to individual operation experience, 60 brain hemorrhage surgery patients were retrospective summarized, 36 cases were given preoperative cerebral imaging, 60 patients were divided into two groups, 19 cases for drilling drainage group, 41 cases for surgical operation groups. According operation time, the patients were divided into three groups: 3-6 h, 6-12 h and >12 h group were respectively for 19, 23, 18 cases. Result: After surgery, hematoma loss was as high as 79.20%, postoperative rebleeding rate was 15.00%, postoperative rebleeding rate of 6-12 h and >12 h were obviously lower than 3-6 h surgical patients (P<0.05), but nerve function recover of 7 days, 4 weeks were worse than 3-6 h surgery (P<0.05), and significantly improved than preoperative and postoperative 1 day after surgery (P<0.05), followed up for 6-12 months, 28 cases recovered well (46.67%) and 20 cases moderate disability (33.33%), 6 cases severe disabilities (10.00%), plant survival for 1 case (1.67%), 2 cases died (3.33%), given up treatment for 3 cases (5.00%); ADL Ⅰfor 31 cases (50.67%), ADL Ⅱ for 17 cases (28.33%), ADL Ⅲ for 10 cases (16.67%), ADL Ⅳ for 2 cases (3.33%); surgery effective rate was as high as 96.67%. Conclusion: Operation of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage should be given preoperative cerebrovascular imaging and used microscope, choose operation methods and strategies correctly by volume of hematoma, bleeding cause and location, it will get the best recovery effect on hemostasis operation and nerve function by the way of grasp operation time early but non- ultra early operation accurately.
【Key words】 Cerebral lobe hemorrhage; Drilling drainage; Surgical operation; Operation time
First-author’s address:The Third People’s Hospital of Huizhou,Huizhou 516002,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.16.004
自发性脑叶出血,即皮质下白质出血,是脑出血的一种特殊类型,占所有脑出血的10%左右[1-2]。脑叶出血有别于壳核出血和丘脑出血,术中及术后再出血的风险均较高。本院2009年1月-2013年12月共收治符合手术指征的脑叶出血患者60例,采用个体化手术方案进行治疗,取得了较好的临床效果。
1 资料与方法 另外,本研究发现:延期手术患者的术后神经功能恢复欠佳,超早期手术和早期手术患者的神经功能恢复好,分析其原因是脑叶出血病程延长造成脑局部血肿压迫时间增长,脑水肿和血管痉挛相结合引起神经元的不可逆损害。因此,自发性脑叶出血应根据血肿体积、出血部位和出血原因选择正确的手术方法,综合分析术后再出血和神经功能恢复情况决定手术方法和手术时机。
自发性脑叶出血的手术治疗,术中出血和术后再出血的风险较高,术前应尽量行脑血管影像检查,尽量使用手术显微镜微侵袭操作,根据血肿体积、出血部位和出血原因选择正确的手术方法和策略,综合考虑术后再出血和神经功能恢复情况决定手术方法和手术时机,准确把握早期手术时机,而非超早期手术,争取达到最佳的手术止血效果和神经功能恢复疗效。
参考文献
[1]杨期东.神经病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2002:142-144.
[2]赵继宗.神经外科学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:529-531.
[3]多田.CTによる脳内血肿量の测定[J].脳神经外科,1981,9(5):251.
[4]高伟,薛少华,叶洁晶.42例高血压脑出血术后再出血原因及处理[J].福建医药杂志,2007,29(4):58-59.
[5]李满强,朱春雷,黄秀云.微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效观察[J].亚太传统医药,2011,7(5):111-112.
[6]王忠诚.神经外科学[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1998:284.
[7]曹毅峰,吴海兴,陈怀欣.小骨窗微创手术治疗高血压脑出血并脑疝的疗效分析[J].临床医学工程,2014,21(1):42-43.
[8]邱学才,常魏,张丽娟,等.发病后不同时间手术治疗高血压脑出血的临床研究[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(4):757-759.
[9]贾济,谢文娟,刘芳,等.经额部入路微创治疗高血压基底节区出血的疗效及预后评价[J].中国药业,2013,22(A1):269-270.
[10]陈晨,苗发安,梅鹏金,等.经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血的临床研究[J].徐州医学院学报,2013,33(12):815-817.
[11]吴继宏.手术治疗高血压脑出血患者的临床效果[J].中国医学工程,2013,25(11):179-179.
[12] Kazui S,Naritomi H,Yamamoto H,et al.Enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage;Incidence and time course[J].Stroke,1996,27(10):1783-1787.
[13] Morgenstern L B,Demchuk A M,Kim D H,et al.Rebleeding leads to poor outcome in ultra-early craniotomy for intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Neurology,2001,56(10):1294-1299.
[14]时晓光,师镜峰,李超.高血压脑出血手术方法及时机对术后再出血的影响[J].中华神经外科疾病研究杂志,2010,9(2):177-178.
[15]陈灿中,程建杰,张睿,等.手术时机对微创治疗高血压脑出血的预后影响[J].中外医疗,2014,33(3):9-11.
(收稿日期:2014-03-26) (本文编辑:蔡元元)
【关键词】 脑叶出血; 钻孔引流; 开颅手术; 手术时机
The Surgical Methods and Strategies on Spontaneous Brain Hemorrhage/YU Yong-qiang,LONG Qing-shan,LIANG Quan,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(16):011-015
【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the surgical methods and strategies on spontaneous brain hemorrhage. Method: According to individual operation experience, 60 brain hemorrhage surgery patients were retrospective summarized, 36 cases were given preoperative cerebral imaging, 60 patients were divided into two groups, 19 cases for drilling drainage group, 41 cases for surgical operation groups. According operation time, the patients were divided into three groups: 3-6 h, 6-12 h and >12 h group were respectively for 19, 23, 18 cases. Result: After surgery, hematoma loss was as high as 79.20%, postoperative rebleeding rate was 15.00%, postoperative rebleeding rate of 6-12 h and >12 h were obviously lower than 3-6 h surgical patients (P<0.05), but nerve function recover of 7 days, 4 weeks were worse than 3-6 h surgery (P<0.05), and significantly improved than preoperative and postoperative 1 day after surgery (P<0.05), followed up for 6-12 months, 28 cases recovered well (46.67%) and 20 cases moderate disability (33.33%), 6 cases severe disabilities (10.00%), plant survival for 1 case (1.67%), 2 cases died (3.33%), given up treatment for 3 cases (5.00%); ADL Ⅰfor 31 cases (50.67%), ADL Ⅱ for 17 cases (28.33%), ADL Ⅲ for 10 cases (16.67%), ADL Ⅳ for 2 cases (3.33%); surgery effective rate was as high as 96.67%. Conclusion: Operation of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage should be given preoperative cerebrovascular imaging and used microscope, choose operation methods and strategies correctly by volume of hematoma, bleeding cause and location, it will get the best recovery effect on hemostasis operation and nerve function by the way of grasp operation time early but non- ultra early operation accurately.
【Key words】 Cerebral lobe hemorrhage; Drilling drainage; Surgical operation; Operation time
First-author’s address:The Third People’s Hospital of Huizhou,Huizhou 516002,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.16.004
自发性脑叶出血,即皮质下白质出血,是脑出血的一种特殊类型,占所有脑出血的10%左右[1-2]。脑叶出血有别于壳核出血和丘脑出血,术中及术后再出血的风险均较高。本院2009年1月-2013年12月共收治符合手术指征的脑叶出血患者60例,采用个体化手术方案进行治疗,取得了较好的临床效果。
1 资料与方法 另外,本研究发现:延期手术患者的术后神经功能恢复欠佳,超早期手术和早期手术患者的神经功能恢复好,分析其原因是脑叶出血病程延长造成脑局部血肿压迫时间增长,脑水肿和血管痉挛相结合引起神经元的不可逆损害。因此,自发性脑叶出血应根据血肿体积、出血部位和出血原因选择正确的手术方法,综合分析术后再出血和神经功能恢复情况决定手术方法和手术时机。
自发性脑叶出血的手术治疗,术中出血和术后再出血的风险较高,术前应尽量行脑血管影像检查,尽量使用手术显微镜微侵袭操作,根据血肿体积、出血部位和出血原因选择正确的手术方法和策略,综合考虑术后再出血和神经功能恢复情况决定手术方法和手术时机,准确把握早期手术时机,而非超早期手术,争取达到最佳的手术止血效果和神经功能恢复疗效。
参考文献
[1]杨期东.神经病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2002:142-144.
[2]赵继宗.神经外科学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:529-531.
[3]多田.CTによる脳内血肿量の测定[J].脳神经外科,1981,9(5):251.
[4]高伟,薛少华,叶洁晶.42例高血压脑出血术后再出血原因及处理[J].福建医药杂志,2007,29(4):58-59.
[5]李满强,朱春雷,黄秀云.微创血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效观察[J].亚太传统医药,2011,7(5):111-112.
[6]王忠诚.神经外科学[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1998:284.
[7]曹毅峰,吴海兴,陈怀欣.小骨窗微创手术治疗高血压脑出血并脑疝的疗效分析[J].临床医学工程,2014,21(1):42-43.
[8]邱学才,常魏,张丽娟,等.发病后不同时间手术治疗高血压脑出血的临床研究[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(4):757-759.
[9]贾济,谢文娟,刘芳,等.经额部入路微创治疗高血压基底节区出血的疗效及预后评价[J].中国药业,2013,22(A1):269-270.
[10]陈晨,苗发安,梅鹏金,等.经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血的临床研究[J].徐州医学院学报,2013,33(12):815-817.
[11]吴继宏.手术治疗高血压脑出血患者的临床效果[J].中国医学工程,2013,25(11):179-179.
[12] Kazui S,Naritomi H,Yamamoto H,et al.Enlargement of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage;Incidence and time course[J].Stroke,1996,27(10):1783-1787.
[13] Morgenstern L B,Demchuk A M,Kim D H,et al.Rebleeding leads to poor outcome in ultra-early craniotomy for intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Neurology,2001,56(10):1294-1299.
[14]时晓光,师镜峰,李超.高血压脑出血手术方法及时机对术后再出血的影响[J].中华神经外科疾病研究杂志,2010,9(2):177-178.
[15]陈灿中,程建杰,张睿,等.手术时机对微创治疗高血压脑出血的预后影响[J].中外医疗,2014,33(3):9-11.
(收稿日期:2014-03-26) (本文编辑:蔡元元)