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首先针对矩形截面锻件径向锻造工艺进行了试验研究,并采用有限元法进行了三维数值模拟,不同压下率条件下模拟与试验所得的锻造力误差不超过5%,表明有限元模型是合理的。采用有限元模拟方法,分析了压下率和送进率等参数对径向锻造力与坯料展宽的影响规律。采用回归正交试验方法,将无量纲化的工艺参数对径向锻造力与坯料展宽的影响规律拟合为二次多项式,拟合结果与有限元模拟结果的误差不超过6%,表明拟合公式是合理的。这些拟合公式可用于矩形截面锻件径向锻造工艺的设计和优化。
Firstly, the radial forging process of rectangular cross-section forgings was studied and the three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out by finite element method. The error of forging force between simulation and test under different reduction rates did not exceed 5%, indicating that the finite element model is reasonable of. The influence of parameters such as reduction rate and feed rate on the radial forging force and billet broadening was analyzed by finite element method. Using regression orthogonal test method, the rule of influence of non-dimensional process parameters on radial forging force and blank broadening was fitted as quadratic polynomial, and the error between fitting result and finite element simulation result was less than 6% The formula is reasonable. These fitting formulas can be used in the design and optimization of the radial forging process for rectangular section forgings.