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目的了解长春市婴幼儿和青少年微量元素的含量及相关性,为预防微量元素缺乏和疾病的诊治提供依据。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法对本院2014年-2016年就诊的婴幼儿和青少年共14 917例进行末梢血6种元素的检测。按年龄分为婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前组、学龄期组、青春发育期组,每组分为男、女2组。对不同年龄段和不同性别婴幼儿和青少年6种元素检测结果进行比较分析。结果末梢血锌和铁含量随年龄增长逐渐增高,在各年龄组之间分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年龄组均存在钙、锌、铁较为严重的缺乏现象,锌的缺乏率随年龄增长有逐渐增高趋势,血铅与血钙、铜、铁、镁、锌呈显著负相关(P<0.05),钙与铁和锌之间呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其他元素之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论长春市有少数婴幼儿和青少年存在铅超标情况,钙、铁和锌存在较严重的缺乏现象,应加强对钙、铁和锌缺乏的补充意识。
Objective To understand the contents and correlations of trace elements in infants and adolescents in Changchun and provide the basis for the prevention of the deficiency of trace elements and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Methods A total of 14 917 infants and adolescents from 2014 to 2016 in our hospital were examined by atomic absorption spectrometry for the detection of 6 elements in peripheral blood. Divided by age into the infant group, toddler group, preschool group, school-age group, puberty development group, each group is male and female 2 groups. The results of six elements detection in infants and adolescents of different ages and genders were comparatively analyzed. Results The contents of zinc and iron in peripheral blood increased gradually with age, and there were significant differences among the different age groups (P <0.05). There was a serious deficiency of calcium, zinc and iron in all age groups. The zinc deficiency rate increased gradually with increasing age. There was a significant negative correlation between blood lead and serum calcium, copper, iron, magnesium and zinc (P <0.05) , There was a significant negative correlation between calcium and iron and zinc (P <0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between other elements (P <0.05). Conclusions There are a few infants and adolescents in Changchun that have excessive lead levels. There is a serious lack of calcium, iron and zinc, which should be supplemented with calcium, iron and zinc deficiency.