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目的探讨围产期感染、分娩方式、胎龄对新生儿免疫功能的影响。方法选取民权县妇幼保健院2014年2月—2016年7月单胎分娩产妇1 276例,依据围产期感染与否分为高危感染组(351例)与对照组(925例);依据分娩方式不同分为阴道产组(598例),剖宫产组(678例);依据胎龄不同分为早产儿组(231例),非早产儿组(1 045例)。测定并比较各组免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG水平。结果与对照组相比,高危感染组IgA、IgM水平较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与剖宫产组相比,阴道产组IgG水平较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与非早产儿组相比,早产儿组IgG水平较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿免疫功能与产妇围产期感染、分娩方式、新生儿胎龄密切相关,产科医师应积极对症处理妊娠并发症、合并症,预防早产,控制母体感染因素,提倡产妇阴道分娩。
Objective To investigate the effects of perinatal infection, mode of delivery and gestational age on neonatal immune function. METHODS: A total of 1 276 maternal single births were selected from MCHC from February 2014 to July 2016. The patients were divided into high risk group (351 cases) and control group (925 cases) There were 598 cases of vaginal discharge and 678 cases of cesarean section. There were 231 cases of premature infants and 1045 cases of premature infants. The levels of immunoglobulin IgA, IgM and IgG in each group were determined and compared. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of IgA and IgM in the high-risk infection group were significantly higher (P <0.05). Compared with the cesarean section group, the IgG level in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher (P <0.05) P <0.05). Compared with non-premature infants, the level of IgG in preterm infants was lower, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Neonatal immune function is closely related to perinatal infection, mode of delivery and neonatal gestational age. Obstetricians should actively treat symptomatic complications and complications, prevent premature birth, control maternal infection and advocate vaginal delivery.