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中国科学院植物生理研究所最近在上海召开的水稻丰产經驗交流会上,陈永康同志的“三黄三黑”引起了争論,出現了针鋒相对的意見。爭論的主要意見如下: 关于控制叶色黄黑变化是否是高产的必要措施,“三黄三黑”是否是高产的規律問题,有两种完全不同的看法。一种意見認为,黄黑交替的变化,与晚稻的高产有必然的联系,黑的阶段反映叶片內物質积累;黄的阶段反映叶片內物質調配,黄黑交替是高产形成的基本过程,陈永康的“三黄三黑”措施是符合植物內在生理規律的,是相对稳定的肥水措施的表現,因此是高产的規律。另一种意見認为,黄黑变化并非实現高产所必須出現的現象,肥多时叶子就会發綠,肥少时叶色变黄,高产田往往因肥施得多些,采取了抑制办法之后,叶色就会变黄,因此必然有黄黑变化出現,但并非必要的,更不一定需要三次促进,三次抑制(三黄三黑)。如浙江省农業科学院所栽培的“老来青”晚稻和嘉兴农民栽培的丰产晚稻,并没有出現黄黑交替的变化。有的同志还以陈永康去年在南京栽培的几块高产田也没有出現明显的三黄三黑为例,来論証自己的观点。
Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences recently convened a meeting on rice production experience in Shanghai. Comrade Chen Yongkang’s “Three Hamsters and Blacks” caused controversy and appeared to be diametrically opposed. The main arguments of the debate are as follows: There are two completely different opinions as to whether or not the “yellow, red and black” control of leaf color is a necessary measure for high yield. One opinion is that the alternation of yellow and black has a necessary relationship with the high yield of late rice. The dark phase reflects the accumulation of material in the leaves. The yellow phase reflects the substance allocation in the leaves and the alternation of yellow and black is the basic process of high yield formation. The “three yellow and three black” measures are in line with the inherent physiological laws of plants, is relatively stable performance of fertilizer measures, it is the law of high yield. Another view is that yellow and black changes are not necessary to achieve high yield phenomenon, when the leaves will be more fat green, fat leaf color yellow, high yield fields are often due to fertilizer more, with the inhibition , Leaf color will turn yellow, so there must be yellow and black changes occur, but not necessary, but not necessarily need to promote three times, three times to suppress (three yellow and three black). Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, such as the cultivation of “Lao Lai Qing” late rice and Jiaxing farmers cultivate late rice yield, there is no alternation of yellow and black. Some comrades also use the example of Chen Hanyang’s high-yielding fields that were cultivated in Nanjing last year and did not show obvious signs of “three yellow, three black” to prove his point of view.