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目的探讨高压氧治疗中重型颅脑损伤治疗时机对预后的影响.方法282例患者随机分成3组.A组:对照组.B组:伤后7~14天开始高压氧治疗.C组:伤后>14天开始高压氧治疗.对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用高压氧治疗.结果 B组预后良好者显著高于A与C组,差异具有显著性(χ2=38.99,P<0.001);中残及重残发生率明显低于A组与C组,差异具有显著性(χ2=8.29,P=0.015;χ2=6.98,P=0.03).总死亡率3组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.24,P=0.07).结论颅脑损伤后应尽早给予高压氧治疗,在病情允许的情况下越早越好,减少后遗症,降低致残率,提高治愈率,提高生活质量.“,”Objective Discussing the correlativity between hyperbaric oxygen treatment for moderate and severe traumatic brain injury on choicing different treatment time. Method Totaly 282 patients were enroled, al the patients are randomly assigned to three groups: group A (control group),group B(giving hyperbaric oxygen treatment after injury for 7 to 14 days) and group C(giving hyperbaric oxygen treatment after injury for 15 to 30 days). Result There were significant difference between group A, B and C, in group B, the prognosis is good after hyperbaric oxygen therapy was significantly higher than that of group A and group C(χ2=38.99,P<0.001). It showed significant difference comparing group B, A and C(χ2=8.29,P=0.015;χ2=6.98, P=0.03) in severe disability and moderate disability incidence. No significant differences were among three groups on death rate(χ2=5.24, P=0.07). Conclusion Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury should be given hyperbaric oxygen therapy as soon as possible, it can reduce complications and morbidity, improve the cure rate and quality of life.