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本试验以前作花生、玉米、早稻及其秸秆还田与前作早稻、稻草不还田为对照进行比较,探讨不同处理对晚稻产量、农艺性状和稻田土壤肥力的影响。同时进行盆栽试验,作为大田的辅助试验。结果表明:在一般施肥水平条件下,不同前作及其秸秆还田可以提高晚稻产量,亩增稻谷20～50公斤不等,每亩最高苗数、有效穗数、叶面积系数和千粒重均比对照有所增加。不同前作及其秸秆还田对土壤理化性状有所改善,土壤容重和 pH 值降低;土壤有机质、全氮量、全磷量、速效磷和速效钾均有一定增加。盆栽试验结果表明,施入秸秆比对照增加了水稻的根量和土壤水解性氮含量。
In this study, we compared the effects of different treatments on yield, agronomic traits and paddy soil fertility of peanut, maize, early rice and straw before returning to the field. At the same time, pot experiment was carried out as a supplementary test of Daejeon. The results showed that under the condition of general fertilization level, the yield of late rice could be increased by different pre-cropping and straw returning, with the increase of 20-50 kg per mu of rice, the highest seedling per acre, effective panicle number, leaf area coefficient and 1000-grain weight Has increased. Different preconditions and returning straw to the soil improved the physical and chemical properties of soil, the soil bulk density and pH value decreased; soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium all increased to a certain extent. The results of pot experiment showed that the amount of rice root and soil hydrolyzable nitrogen content were increased when straw was applied compared with the control.