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微量金属在天然水中的含量及分布,颇引人注目。这是由于人们已证实,许多必须的微量金属,在生物体中起着十分重要的作用。作为千百种酶的活性核心和激活因子,它们参予各种代谢过程,这些金属与蛋白质、脂肪、维生素不同,不能由机体合成,而必须从食物和水中获得。至于非必须的微量金属,例如镉会污染环境,造成公害。有机体在吸取必须的微量金属同时,也吸取了非必须的微量金属镉。自然界中镉以硫化镉的简单形式存在,通常同锌、铅矿缔合,在矿区和冶炼区的粘土中,镉的累集可能产生附近水里的局部高浓度。多数淡水镉浓度低于1μg/L,而多数海水分析指出,镉的平均浓度大约为0.15μg/L。
Trace metals in natural water content and distribution, quite compelling. This is because it has been proven that many of the necessary trace metals play a very important role in the organism. As the active core and activator of thousands of enzymes, they participate in various metabolic processes. Unlike metals, fats and vitamins, these metals can not be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food and water. For non-essential trace metals, such as cadmium, can pollute the environment and cause pollution. Organisms in the absorption of the necessary trace metals at the same time, also learned the non-essential trace metal cadmium. In nature cadmium is present as a simple form of cadmium sulfide, usually associated with zinc and lead, and cadmium accumulation in the clay of mining and smelting areas may produce localized high concentrations of water in the vicinity. Most freshwater cadmium concentrations are below 1 μg / L, while most seawater analyzes indicate that the average concentration of cadmium is about 0.15 μg / L.