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【目的】探讨中山市某小学6~12岁学龄儿童睡眠障碍的发生情况及其相关因素。【方法】2005年11月~2006年2月,中山市城区某小学全部学生共2 012名6~12岁学龄儿童为研究对象,对其进行儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查。【结果】发出调查问卷2 012份,符合条件问卷1 837份,其中男童984名,女童853名。本组儿童睡眠障碍总发生率为21.9%,其中男、女童分别为24.6%和18.9%,两者差异有非常显著性(χ2=8.726,P<0.01);在各种睡眠障碍症状中,男童打鼾和磨牙的发生率显著高于女童(χ2=9.188、11.161,P均<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析结果表明:父亲存在睡眠障碍、儿童从上床准备睡觉到睡着超过0.5 h、儿童的性别是男孩、儿童醒后马上去照顾他(她)、母亲孕期睡眠状况不好、儿童不可以一觉睡天亮、母亲情绪较焦虑或抑郁等7个变量是儿童发生睡眠障碍的主要影响因素(r=0.161,F=10.922,P=0.000)。【结论】本组学龄儿童睡眠障碍发生率较高,其中男童尤为严重,应加强对儿童睡眠障碍的防治工作。
【Objective】 To investigate the incidence and related factors of sleep disorders in school-age children aged 6 ~ 12 in a primary school in Zhongshan City. 【Methods】 From November 2005 to February 2006, a total of 2 012 schoolchildren aged 6-12 years from a primary school in Zhongshan City were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire survey on social environment and sleep health of children was conducted. 【Results】 There were 2 012 questionnaires and 1 837 eligible questionnaires, including 984 boys and 853 girls. The total incidence of sleep disorders in children in this group was 21.9%, male and female were 24.6% and 18.9%, respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 8.726, P <0.01). Among the various symptoms of sleep disorders, male Children snoring and molars incidence was significantly higher than girls (χ2 = 9.188, 11.161, P <0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that: the father had sleep disorders, the children went to bed from sleep to sleep more than 0.5 h, the child’s sex is a boy, the child immediately went to take care of him or her (her), mother’s sleep state during pregnancy is not good, children do not Seven variables, one of which could be asleep at dawn and the mood of the mother was anxiety or depression, were the main influencing factors of children’s sleep disorders (r = 0.161, F = 10.922, P = 0.000). [Conclusion] The incidence of sleep disorders in this group of school-age children is high, especially in boys, and prevention and treatment of children with sleep disorders should be strengthened.