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目的:测定头孢美唑和头孢西丁对产与不产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株的体外抗菌活性。方法:收集2004年1月到2004年12月从华西医院各临床科室分离出的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌520株,采用K irby-Bauer琼脂扩散法进行体外药敏试验并用表型确证试验检测ESBLs。结果:筛选出产ESBLs菌226株,ESBLs阳性检出率为43.5%,其中大肠埃希菌的ESBLs检出率为45.8%,肺炎克雷伯菌的ESBLs检出率为39.6%。头孢美唑对我院ESBLs阳性菌株体外抗菌活性优于头孢西丁。结论:头霉素类抗生素可作为治疗ESBLs菌株引起的重症感染的可选药物,且对我院分离的产ESBLS大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,头孢美唑体外活性略优于头孢西丁。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefmetazole and cefoxitin against both ESBLs-producing and non-producing strains. Methods: A total of 520 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were isolated from clinical departments of West China Hospital from January 2004 to December 2004. Susceptibility tests in vitro were performed using Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method and phenotype Confirmatory test to detect ESBLs. Results: 226 strains of ESBLs were screened out. The positive rate of ESBLs was 43.5%. The detection rate of ESBLs in Escherichia coli was 45.8%. The detection rate of ESBLs in Klebsiella pneumoniae was 39.6%. Cefmetazole on our hospital ESBLs positive strains in vitro antibacterial activity than cefoxitin. CONCLUSION: Cefotaxime antibiotics can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of severe infections caused by ESBLs strains. ESBLS-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from our hospital showed slightly better in vitro activity than cefoxitin.