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自我效能是美国心理学家班杜拉在社会学习理论中提出的一个核心概念,用以解释在特殊情境下动机产生的原因。例如,当你问孩子是否能在3分钟之内唱一首歌,孩子在没有唱前的回答就是自我效能。对自己的预期越肯定,自我效能感就越高。大量的研究发现:在学习能力差不多的情况下,自我效能感高的学生,即对于完成好学业任务有充分信心的学生,取得的成绩会更好,而自我效能感缺失的学生久而久之就会成为接受能力差、学业困难的学生。
Self-efficacy is a core concept put forward by American psychologist Bertura in social learning theory to explain the reason of motivation in special situations. For example, when you ask if a child can sing a song in less than three minutes, the child’s self-efficacy is answered in the absence of a song. The more certain you have your own expectations, the higher your self-efficacy. Numerous studies have found that students with high self-efficacy, that is, students who have full confidence in fulfilling their academic tasks, will achieve better results with similar learning abilities, whereas those with a lack of self-efficacy will over time become Students with poor ability and academic difficulties.