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Tamyb10-1基因属于MYB家族的一种转录因子,决定着小麦种皮的颜色,同时对穗发芽抗性也具有一定影响。本研究以来自我国黄淮麦区的地方小麦品种为材料,利用功能标记对参试小麦品种Tamyb10-1基因位点在3A、3B和3D染色体上的等位变异类型进行了检测。结果表明,参试材料中上述每一位点均有2种等位变异类型,由此形成了7种基因型组合,分别为Tamyb10-A1a/Tamyb10-B1a/Tamyb10-D1a、Tamyb10-A1a/Tamyb10-B1a/Tamyb10-D1b、Tamyb10-A1a/Tamyb10-B1b/Tamyb10-D1a、Tamyb10-A1b/Tamyb10-B1a/Tamyb10-D1a、Tamyb10-A1b/Tamyb10-B1b/Tamyb10-D1a、Tamyb10-A1b/Tamyb10-B1a/Tamyb10-D1b和Tamyb10-A1b/Tamyb10-B1b/Tamyb10-D1b,其分布频率分别为38.0%、15.0%、1.0%、8.0%、1.0%、33.0%和4.0%。进一步研究结果表明,种皮颜色为白色时,Tamyb10-1基因在3个位点均为野生型,而当任何一个位点发生突变时均表现为红色。由于该基因也影响穗发芽的抗性,且子粒颜色与其抗氧化能力密切相关,因此本研究对以子粒颜色性状为育种目标的优异种质资源筛选具有一定参考价值。
Tamyb10-1 gene belongs to a transcription factor of MYB family, determines the color of wheat seed coat, and also has certain influence on sprouting resistance. In this study, local wheat cultivars from Huanghuai wheat area of China were used as materials to detect allelic variations of Tamyb10-1 loci on chromosomes 3A, 3B and 3D of the tested wheat varieties by functional markers. The results showed that there were two types of allelic variations in each of the above sites, which resulted in seven genotype combinations: Tamyb10-A1a / Tamyb10-B1a / Tamyb10-D1a, Tamyb10-A1a / Tamyb10 TamB10-B1b / Tamyb10-D1a, Tamyb10-A1b / Tamyb10-B1a / Tamyb10-D1a, Tamyb10-A1b / Tamyb10- / Tamyb10-D1b and Tamyb10-A1b / Tamyb10-B1b / Tamyb10-D1b with distribution frequencies of 38.0%, 15.0%, 1.0%, 8.0%, 1.0%, 33.0% and 4.0%, respectively. Further studies showed that the Tamyb10-1 gene was wild-type at all three loci when the color of the seed coat was white, and red when all of the loci were mutated. Because this gene also affects the germination resistance of spikes, and the color of the seed is closely related to its antioxidant capacity, this study has some reference value for the screening of excellent germplasm resources based on the color traits of seeds.