论异文化中的边缘人在田野工作中的作用——读《象征之林》有感一则

• 作 者: 郭妍君
• 机 构: 西南大学历史文化学院民族学院,
• 出 处: 明日风尚
• 发表日期: 2017年16期
• 关键词: 边缘人 象征之林 紧张感 库尔特 异文化 主流群体 乔纳 日常社会生活 勒温 转化形式

“边缘人”这一概念最早由社会心理学家库尔特·勒温提出,泛指不明确属于某个群体,对于社会群体的参与不完全,处于群体边缘或者两个群体之间的人。“边缘人”一般都脱离了主流群体,他的归属是不稳定的,因此容易缺失归属感,进而产生自卑感、紧张感和失落感等,并经常表现出过于谨慎、拘束、不敢自作主张、压抑自己的天性等特点。但如果某种因素激发起他的意志时,他的能力有可能将一跃而出,从而得到他人的肯定与尊重。

The concept of “marginal man” was originally put forward by social psychologist Kurt Lewin. It generally refers to those who are not clearly belonging to a certain group, incompletely participating in the social group, being on the margins of the group or between two groups people. “Marginal people ” are generally out of the mainstream groups, his attribution is unstable, so easy to lose the sense of belonging, resulting in inferiority complex, sense of tension and sense of loss, etc., and often show too cautious, restraint, not self-owned Advocacy, depression and other characteristics of their nature. However, if a certain factor inspires his will, his ability is likely to leap forward to gain recognition and respect from others.