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用从头计算法在HF/6-31G~*基组水平上研究了NH_4~++NH_3→NH_3+NH_4~+,NH_4~++NH_2CH_3→NH_3+NH_3CH_3~+,NH_4~++NH(CH_3)_2→NH_3+NH_2(CH_3)_2~+以及NH_3CH_3~++NH_2CH_3→NH_2CH_3+NH_3CH_3~+等4个体系的质子传递反应的机理.结果表明:(1)上述质子传递反应均具有双阱型的势能面,质子沿N(1)、N(2)连线直接传递;(2)质子受体分子中的甲基对质子传递起促进作用,而质子给体离子中的甲基则阻碍质子的传递。
NH4 + + NH3 → NH3 + NH4 +, NH4 + + NH2CH3 → NH3 + NH3CH3 +, NH4 + + NH3 + CH4 + The results showed that: (1) The above proton transfer reactions all have the double-well type (2) the protons in the proton acceptor molecule promote the proton transfer, while the protons in the proton donor ion block the proton transfer.