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利用地质—地球物理—地球化学综合研究方法,以叠合盆地构造多阶段演化和油气多期成藏过程为主线,揭示四川叠合盆地深层海相碳酸盐岩在(曾)深埋和长(多)期构造差异性作用下油气的形成和分布理论。研究提出四川叠合盆地深层海相油气形成的四中心耦合成藏理论及油气分布的三级三元联控理论。认为天然气藏的形成是在多期构造作用控制下由油气四中心(生烃中心、生气中心、储气中心和保气中心)的耦合关系决定的,“三中心”(生气中心、储气中心和保气中心)在空间上的分布关系决定了油气的最终分布;盆地级别(第一级)的三元素(烃源岩发育、有机质成气率高和保存条件佳)控制了油气分布的基础条件和勘探前景;区带级别(第二级)的三元素(拉张槽、古隆起和盆山结构)联合控制了油气分布的有利区带;圈闭或油气藏级别(第三级)的三元素(圈闭闭合高度、封盖强度和油气充注程度)具体控制了规模性气田的分布。油气四中心耦合成藏理论和三级三元联控理论的提出,对(四川)叠合盆地深层天然气勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。
Using the comprehensive geophysical-geophysical-geochemical method, taking multi-stage structural evolution and multi-stage hydrocarbon accumulation in the superimposed basin as the main line, it is revealed that the deep marine carbonates in the superimposed basins of Sichuan Province were (buried) Formation and Distribution of Hydrocarbons under Structurally Different (Multi) Periods. This paper proposes a four-center coupling and accumulation theory of oil and gas formation in the deep marine oil and gas fields in Sichuan superimposed basin and a three-stage triple control theory of oil and gas distribution. It is considered that the formation of natural gas reservoirs is determined by the coupling relationship between the four centers of hydrocarbons (hydrocarbon generation centers, gas generation centers, gas storage centers and gas conservation centers) under the control of multi-phase tectonism. The “three centers” Gas center and gas-retaining center) determine the final distribution of oil and gas. The three elements (the development of source rock, high organic matter gas and preservation conditions) at basin level (first level) control the distribution of oil and gas (The third level), the basic conditions and prospects of exploration; the combination of the three elements (tensioned trenches, palaeo uplift and basin-mountain structure) at the zonal level (second level) jointly controlled the favorable zones for oil and gas distribution; The three elements (trap closure height, cap strength and degree of filling) specifically control the distribution of large-scale gas fields. The proposed four-center coupled hydrocarbon accumulation theory and the three-level triple control theory have important guiding significance for deep natural gas exploration and development in the superimposed basin of Sichuan Province.