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目的探讨塔城地区小儿缺铁性贫血现状调查结果分析。方法收集2014年5月—2016年5月塔城地区436例3周岁以下儿童的基线资料设为实验组,描述病情分布,展开1∶1病例对照,选择同期非贫血儿童设为对照组,分析小儿缺铁性贫血的现状以及影响因素。结果塔城地区小儿缺铁性贫血的发病率为11.70%;其中1周岁以下儿童患病9例,发病率为5.92%、1~2周岁儿童患病36例,发病率为16.82%、2~3周岁儿童患病6例,发病率为8.57%,结果显示1~2周岁儿童缺铁性贫血的发病率最高;其中早产、双胞胎、出生体重较轻、喂养方式不当、添加辅食较晚、以及厌食、挑食等是小儿缺铁性贫血发病的危险因素,实验组儿童的发病率明显高于对照组儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而体重超重和不专心吃饭比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论有效控制早产以及低出生体重等因素,并配合正确的喂养方式,养成良好的饮食习惯,可以在一定程度上预防缺铁性贫血的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children in Tacheng. Methods The baseline data of 436 children under 3 years of age in Tacheng from May 2014 to May 2016 were selected as the experimental group, the distribution of the disease was described, and the 1: 1 case control was started. The non-anemia children were selected as the control group during the same period. Current status of iron deficiency anemia in children and its influencing factors. Results The prevalence of pediatric iron deficiency anemia in Tacheng was 11.70%. Among them, 9 cases of children under 1 year old had a prevalence of 5.92%, 36 cases of children aged 1-2 years old with the incidence of 16.82% The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among children aged 1 to 2 years was the highest among 6 children aged 3 years and the incidence was 8.57%. Among them, premature birth, twins, light birth weight, improper feeding mode, late addition of complementary food and Anorexia, picky eaters and other risk factors for the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in children in experimental group was significantly higher than the incidence of children in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference between overweight and unfair eating (P> 0.05). Conclusion Effective control of preterm birth and low birth weight and other factors, and with the correct feeding, to develop a good diet, to a certain extent, prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia.