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采用细胞学和分子标记方法对甜瓜属人工异源四倍体(C. hytivus Chen and Kirkbride,2n = 4x = 38)的亲本染色体组间的交换重组进行了研究。通过对减数分裂中期 I 染色体行为观察,在 108 个花粉母细胞中有 50 个细胞具有多价体,占 46.3%,染色体的平均构型为0.56I+17.36II+0.35III+0.26IV+0.046V+0.056VI,表明两亲本染色体组间发生了广泛的重组交换。通过对 446 条随机引物进行筛选,有 5 条引物扩增出 6 条 C. hytivus特征带。选取其中 3 条转换成 SCAR 标记,对 13 种甜瓜属不同基因型材料的 DNA 进行扩增,结果仅有 SAP-03/700标记表现为特异性。进一步分析这一标记在人工异源四倍体(C. hytivus)、栽培黄瓜(C. sativus var. sativus)及野生黄瓜(C. sativus var. hardwickii)中扩增出的 3 条不同分子量条带序列,发现两端序列较为一致,中间部分不同,与黄瓜线粒体基因组序列有 200 bp 左右的大小相同,但方向相反。
Cytological and molecular markers were used to study the exchange and recombination between the parental chromosomes of C. hytivus Chen and Kirkbride (2n = 4x = 38). Through the observation of the metaphase I chromosome behavior in meiosis, 50 of the 108 pollen mother cells had multivalent bodies, accounting for 46.3%. The average chromosome configuration was 0.56I + 17.36II + 0.35III + 0.26IV + 0.046 V + 0.056VI, indicating that extensive recombination occurred between the two parental chromosomes. By screening 446 random primers, five primers amplified six C. hytivus bands. Three of them were selected and converted into SCAR markers. DNA of 13 different genotypes of melon was amplified, and only SAP-03/700 markers showed specificity. Further analysis of the three bands amplified by this marker in C. hytivus, C. sativus var. Sativus and C. sativus var. Hardwickii Sequence and found that the two ends of the sequence is more consistent, the middle part is different, and the same size of the mitochondrial genome sequence of cucumber about 200 bp, but the opposite direction.