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各种各样的电动车的蓬勃发展,促进了电池技术的发展,世界各大汽车公司纷纷投巨资并采取结盟的方式研究各种类型的电池。采用燃料电池作电源的电动汽车称为FCEV(燃料电池电动汽车),最早的FCEV是燃料电池大客车,其燃料电池的辅助装置的质量重、体积大。因此,在早期的FCEV上,燃料电池组的辅助装置占据了大客车很大的装载空间,几乎没有乘客乘坐的空间,给FCEV的总布置带来很大的困难。经过多个国家的汽车公司和燃料电池公司多年的努力,燃料电池的小型化得到迅速发展,已经成功地应用到各种类型的FCEV上。文章阐述了以燃料电池为主的第三代EV电池;指出了燃料电池的特点、燃料电池在机动车辆上的应用及其发展方向。
A variety of electric vehicles to the vigorous development of the battery technology to promote the development of the world’s major auto companies have invested heavily and take an all-encompassing way to study various types of batteries. FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) is the electric vehicle using fuel cell as the power source. The earliest FCEV is a fuel cell vehicle, and its fuel cell auxiliary device is of heavy weight and bulky. Therefore, in the early FCEV, fuel cell stack aids occupied a large passenger car loading space, almost no passenger space, giving the total layout of FCEV bring great difficulties. After years of efforts by automobile companies and fuel cell companies in many countries, the miniaturization of fuel cells has been rapidly developed and has been successfully applied to various types of FCEVs. The article expounds the third generation of EV batteries mainly based on fuel cells; points out the characteristics of fuel cells, the application of fuel cells in motor vehicles and their development direction.