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一、相分析的理论钢铁中主要有两相:碳化物相及固溶体相。在不同热处理后得到不同的相平衡状态,这种状态对钢的机械性能有直接的影响。碳化物相与固溶体相的分离可以用化学试剂溶解以及阳极溶解的方法,前者仅用于分离那些化学稳定的碳化物(例如用化学溶解方法测定碳化钛及固溶体中的钛),但不稳定的碳化物在化学溶解时就被分解了。例如用化学溶解法即用15%H_2SO_4溶解碳钢所得出的碳化物中铁的含量比用阳极溶解方法所得要少十倍左右,而且化学溶解是在隔绝空气与不断的换入新酸的条件下进行的。这种现象有力地说明电解法分离碳化物的优越性。
First, the phase analysis of the theory There are two main phases in the steel: carbide phase and solid solution phase. Different heat treatments result in different phase equilibrium conditions, which have a direct effect on the mechanical properties of the steel. The separation of the carbide and solid solution phases can be accomplished by chemical dissolution and anodic dissolution, the former being used only for the separation of chemically stable carbides (eg titanium carbide and titanium in solid solutions by chemical dissolution) but unstable Carbide is decomposed when it is chemically dissolved. For example, the use of chemical dissolution method that is 15% H 2 SO 4 dissolved carbon steel obtained carbide content of iron than the anodic dissolution method is about ten times less, and the chemical dissolution is in the isolation of air and continuous exchange of new acid conditions ongoing. This phenomenon strongly demonstrates the superiority of electrolytically separated carbides.