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目的 分析短眼轴性白内障超声乳化吸除术的难点 ,并探讨其预防措施。方法 对行超声乳化白内障吸除手术、眼轴长度为 2 0 2 1～ 2 2 10mm的白内障患者 12 2例 (143只眼 )进行回顾性分析。结果 术后 1个月矫正视力 1 0～ 1 2者占 16 8%,0 5～ 0 8者占 6 7 1%;术中晶状体后囊膜破裂发生率为 7 7%;术后炎性反应明显 ,角膜可逆性水肿发生率为 2 9 4 %,明显高于长眼轴白内障患者 (6 7%) ,高于正常眼轴硬核性白内障患者 (12 5 %)。结论 短眼轴性白内障患者前房浅、眼前段组织空间狭小、玻璃体压力高 ,手术难度大 ;强调切口规范 ,应用手法碎核技术和低能量、高吸引力超声乳化技术 ,提高超声乳化操作的有效性 ,使用高质量黏弹剂 ,保持前房深度 ,均是顺利完成手术的关键。
Objective To analyze the difficulties of phacoemulsification for short-axis axial cataract and to explore its preventive measures. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 122 cases (143 eyes) of cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and cataract extraction with an axial length of 2101 to 2210 mm. Results One month after operation, the corrected visual acuity was 10% ~ 12%, while the percentage of 0 ~ 50% was 67%. The incidence of posterior capsule rupture was 77%. The postoperative inflammatory reaction Obviously, the incidence of corneal reversible edema was 294%, which was significantly higher than that of long axial cataract (67%) and higher than that of normal axial hard cataract (125%). Conclusions Short axial cataract patients have shallow space in the anterior chamber and small space in the anterior segment of the eye. The vitreous body pressure is high and the operation is difficult. Emphasis is placed on the incision cataract, the shredded technique and the low-energy and high-attraction phacoemulsification technique to improve the phacoemulsification Effectiveness, the use of high-quality viscoelastic agent, to maintain the depth of the anterior chamber, are the key to the successful completion of surgery.