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目的了解天津市免疫规划疫苗脱漏儿童影响因素以制定更加科学合理的管理策略。方法通过文献检索和专家访谈得到可能导致儿童脱漏免疫规划疫苗的因素,采用德尔菲咨询法,对选取的40名专家开展咨询。通过统计分析影响因素重要性得分的算术均数和变异系数对影响因素进行筛选,并确定各影响因素的权重。结果两轮咨询专家的积极系数分别为95%和100%,专家熟悉程度与权威系数分别为0.86和0.88;协调系数分别为0.74和0.87。经过两轮专家咨询,天津市免疫规划疫苗脱漏儿童影响因素共筛选出5个一级条目,12个二级条目,31个三级条目。一级条目中,管理策略、经费保障、宣传动员权重最高,分别为0.26、0.23、0.18,其各自次级条目中跨部门合作、预算额度和媒体宣传权重较高,分别为0.40、0.54、0.61。结论应从争取跨部门合做政策,提高专项经费投入,加强媒体宣传等多方面入手,制定更加科学、合理、高效的免疫规划疫苗脱漏儿童干预策略。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of immunization planning vaccine for children in Tianjin to develop a more scientific and rational management strategy. Methods Through the literature search and expert interviews, the factors that may lead to the vaccine immunization planning for children were obtained. The Delphi consultant method was used to consult the selected 40 experts. Through statistical analysis of the arithmetic mean and coefficient of variation of the importance score of the influencing factors, the influencing factors are screened and the weight of each influencing factor is determined. Results The positive coefficients of two rounds of consulting experts were 95% and 100% respectively, the expert familiarity degree and authoritative coefficient were 0.86 and 0.88 respectively, and the coordination coefficients were 0.74 and 0.87 respectively. After two rounds of expert consultation, a total of five first-level entries, 12 second-level entries and 31 third-level entries were screened out for influencing factors of immunization planning vaccines in Tianjin. Among the first-level items, the management strategies, funds and propaganda and mobilization have the highest weights of 0.26, 0.23 and 0.18. Cross-sector cooperation among their respective sub-items, with relatively high budget quotas and media publications, are respectively 0.40, 0.54 and 0.61 . Conclusion It is necessary to formulate a more scientific, rational and efficient immunization planning vaccine intervention strategy for children with vaccination from the aspects of obtaining cross-department cooperation policies, increasing special funds and strengthening media publicity.