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目的通过外侧液压打击诱导大鼠重度脑外伤,研究外伤后早期和晚期癫痫发作的行为学及皮层脑电表现,探讨利用此模型模拟人类外伤后癫痫的可行性。方法 24只雄性SD大鼠随机分成A、B、C三组,A组为开颅+打击+安电极组(16只)、B组为开颅+安电极组(4只)、C组为安电极组(4只)。所有大鼠分别于致伤后1周内和4周后监测癫痫的行为发作和脑电发作,每4周监测1周,共监测12周,记录早期发作和晚期发作的表现、频率及持续时间。对实验中死亡的大鼠进行组织病理学检查,分析死亡原因。结果 A组死亡7只(43.7%),其中打击后立即死亡6只,死于感染1只;B组死于感染1只(25%);C组无死亡。非感染死亡大鼠的组织病理显示为硬膜下出血、蛛网膜下腔出血和局部脑挫裂伤。A组存活的9只大鼠中早期发作有1只(11.11%),发作频率为3次/周,发作时程为24±8s;晚期发作有4只(44.44%),发作频率为2.2±1.6次/周,发作时程46±13s;对照组(B组和C组)未见发作。结论外侧液压打击诱导大鼠外伤后癫痫的行为和脑电表现与人类相似,晚期发作是模拟人类外伤后癫痫的理想模型。
Objective To investigate the behavioral and cortical EEG manifestations of early and late epileptic seizures induced by lateral hydraulic shock in rats and to explore the feasibility of using this model to simulate epileptic seizures after human trauma. Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into A, B and C groups. A group was craniotomy + combating + An electrode group (16), B group was craniotomy + An electrode group (4), C group was An electrode group (4). All rats were monitored for epileptic seizures and electroencephalograms within 1 week and 4 weeks after injury respectively. The rats were monitored every 4 weeks for 1 week and monitored for 12 weeks. The performance, frequency and duration of early and late seizures were recorded . Histopathological examination of rats died in the experiment, analysis of the cause of death. Results A group of 7 deaths (43.7%), of which 6 died immediately after the attack, died of infection 1; B died of infection in 1 (25%); C group no death. Histopathology of non-infected dead rats showed subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage and local cerebral laceration. There were 1 early onset (11.11%) of the 9 rats survived in group A, the seizure frequency was 3 / week, the onset time was 24 ± 8s; the late onset was 4 (44.44%) and the seizure frequency was 2.2 ± 1.6 times / week, the duration of the attack 46 ± 13s; control group (B and C) no seizures. Conclusions The behavior and electroencephalogram of epilepsy induced by external hydraulic shock in rats are similar to those in humans. Late seizure is an ideal model to simulate epilepsy after traumatic brain injury in rats.