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本文根据华北地区煤层赋存状况，建立了水平、倾斜和急倾斜煤层岩体力学模型，应用岩体力学有限元法对每种模型采前采后覆岩位移进行了模拟计算，得出了三种倾角煤层采前后覆岩位移差，分析并比较了它们的规律性，为以后地质勘探阶段所获得的覆岩赋存状况及其物理力学资料预测采煤后覆岩移动规律及其对地表的影响提供了有效的方法及成果。
In this paper, based on the occurrence of coal seams in North China, the mechanical model of horizontal, inclined and steep coal seam rock mass is established. The displacement of rock strata of each model after pre-mining is calculated by using the mechanical finite element method of rock mass. The difference of the displacement of cover rock before and after the mining of seedbed is analyzed and compared, and their regularities are analyzed and compared to predict the law of overlying strata movement and its effect on the surface of the ground after the coal mining for the overlying strata occurrence and its physical and mechanical data obtained in the later stage of geological exploration Impact provides an effective method and result.