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氮是一种极其重要的植物养分,是构成蛋白质的重要成份,此外,氮还是组成叶绿素、酶和多种维生素的成份,它在多方面直接或间接地影响着植物的代谢活动和生长发育。因此,如果能为作物提供足够的氮素,无疑对促进和提高作物产量是有重要意义的。空气中有着丰富的氮素,然而植物体本身不能直接同化大气中的氮素,只能从土壤或肥料中吸收铵态氮或硝态氮作为自身的营养。目前在发达国家中,施入土壤的氮素一般采用人工合成的化学肥料,施用化学N肥是有显著的增产效果的,但它的合成需要消耗大量能源,并且大量施用化学N肥还会由于
Nitrogen is an extremely important plant nutrient and constitutes an important component of protein. In addition, nitrogen is also a component of chlorophyll, enzymes and multivitamins, which directly or indirectly affect plant metabolic activity and growth and development in many aspects. Therefore, if enough nitrogen can be supplied to crops, it is undoubtedly of great significance to promote and increase crop yields. The air is rich in nitrogen, however, the plant itself can not directly assimilate the nitrogen in the atmosphere, and can only absorb ammonium nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen from the soil or fertilizer as its own nutrients. Currently in developed countries, nitrogen applied to the soil generally uses synthetic chemical fertilizers, the application of chemical N fertilizer has a significant yield-increase effect, but its synthesis requires a lot of energy consumption, and the large number of chemical N fertilizer application will be due to