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【目的】选择具有2n配子的马铃薯原始栽培种和野生种品系,与当地主栽品种杂交、回交多年获得马铃薯渐渗系,从中筛选适宜的马铃薯炸片品系和最佳抗低温糖化渐渗系亲本,开辟马铃薯原始栽培种和野生种利用的新途径和方法。【方法】通过马铃薯渐渗系后代群体田间农艺性状选择,不同储藏条件对炸片品质影响分析以及块茎中还原糖、酸性转化酶、游离氨基酸、薯片色泽和丙烯酰胺含量之间的相关性分析。【结果】原始栽培种S.phureja和野生种S.chacoense来源的渐渗系产量、干物质含量、商品率显著高于S.vernei和S.raphanifolium来源的渐渗系。低温储藏(4℃)180 d中,不同渐渗系还原糖积累能力显著不同。渐渗系0712-33、0722-90、0732-43和0742-66的还原糖含量较低,油炸后产生的丙烯酰胺含量较低,色泽鲜亮均匀,具有优良的炸片加工特性。【结论】利用马铃薯原始栽培种和野生种与栽培种杂交、回交创造马铃薯抗低温糖化渐渗系是一种有效可行的马铃薯育种方法,原始栽培种S.phureja和野生种S.chacoense是适合炸片品质改良的渐渗系亲本。
【Objective】 The objective of this experiment was to select the original cultivars of potato and wild species with 2n gametes and crossed with the local cultivars and backcrossed for many years to obtain the introgression lines of potato. The appropriate potato fry lines and the optimal low temperature resistant glycation and introgression lines Parents, open up the original cultivation of potato and wild species to use new ways and methods. 【Method】 Through the field agroecological traits selection of potato introgression lines, the influence of different storage conditions on the quality of the chips and the correlation analysis of the contents of reducing sugar, acid invertase, free amino acids, potato chips and acrylamide in tubers . 【Result】 The results showed that the introgression line yield, dry matter content and commodity rate of the original cultivars S.phureja and S.chacoense were significantly higher than those of S.vernei and S.raphanifolium. In low temperature storage (4 ℃) for 180 d, the accumulation ability of reducing sugar in different introgression lines was significantly different. The introgression lines 0712-33, 0722-90, 0732-43 and 0742-66 have lower contents of reducing sugars, lower acrylamide content after frying, bright and uniform color, and excellent processing characteristics of the chips. 【Conclusion】 It is an effective and feasible potato breeding method to utilize the original potato cultivars and wild and cultivars to hybridize and backcross to create a low-temperature resistant glycosylation introgression system. The original cultivars S.phureja and S.chacoense are suitable Fillets improve the introgression system of parents.